| Abstract | 1. Smoking exerts an inflammatory stimulus on lung macrophages, and smokers generally have low intakes of antioxidant micronutrients. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between whole-blood tumour necrosis factor production, plasma interleukin-6 and acute-phase protein concentration and antioxidant vitamins in smokers and non-smokers. 2. Measurement of tumour necrosis factor was conducted in whole blood stimulated with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), and interleukin-6 concentrations were measured in the plasma of smokers and non-smokers. Enzyme and dietary antioxidant concentrations and acute-phase proteins were determined in the two groups. 3. Tumour necrosis factor production and plasma interleukin-6 concentrations were 38% (P = 0.01) and 16% (P = 0.07) greater, respectively, in smokers than in non-smokers. Plasma vitamin A and E concentrations were unaffected by smoking; however, a 21% lower plasma vitamin C (P = 0.04) concentration was observed in smokers, than in non-smokers despite a similar intake of this vitamin by the two groups. 4. Concentrations of the acute-phase proteins alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, caeruloplasmin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were increased in the plasma of smokers compared with non-smokers by 39%, 28% and 12% respectively (P < 0.01). Our studies indicate that smokers have a compromised antioxidant status and elevated concentrations of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-6 as a consequence of smoking. 5. These observations may provide some insight into the biological mechanisms underlying the pathology associated with smoking. |
| Authors | P S Tappia, K L Troughton, S C Langley-Evans, R F Grimble
(Affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, U.K.)
|
| Journal | Clinical science (London, England : 1979)
(Clin Sci (Lond))
Vol. 88
Issue 4
Pg. 485-9
(Apr 1995)
ISSN: 0143-5221 ENGLAND |
| PMID | 7540525
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
|
| Chemical References |
- Acute-Phase Proteins
- Antioxidants
- Cytokines
- Interleukin-6
- Orosomucoid
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- alpha-Macroglobulins
- Ascorbic Acid
- Ceruloplasmin
|
| Topics |
- Acute-Phase Proteins
(metabolism)
- Adult
- Antioxidants
(metabolism)
- Ascorbic Acid
(blood)
- Ceruloplasmin
(metabolism)
- Cytokines
(biosynthesis)
- Female
- Humans
- Interleukin-6
(blood)
- Male
- Orosomucoid
(metabolism)
- Smoking
(blood, metabolism)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(metabolism)
- alpha-Macroglobulins
(metabolism)
|
