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Efficacy of intravenous vancomycin in the treatment of gram-positive peritonitis in long-term peritoneal dialysis.

Abstract
Peritonitis is the major complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis. Gram-positive bacteria are responsible for two thirds of the total number of peritonitis episodes. Conventional therapy consists of daily administration of antibiotics, either parenterally or intraperitoneally. Vancomycin, an antibiotic with a prolonged half-life in renal failure, has a wide spectrum of activity against gram-positive bacteria and diffuses readily across the peritoneal membrane. In the present study, 82 percent of gram-positive peritonitis episodes were cured following the intravenous administration of vancomycin at weekly intervals. This cure rate compares favorably with that obtained following conventional therapy of peritonitis. It is concluded that intravenous vancomycin is an effective treatment for gram-positive peritonitis in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis. This form of therapy is convenient, reduces hospitalization, minimizes cost, and avoids possible contamination of the peritoneal dialysate used during the intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics.
AuthorsR K Krothapalli, H O Senekjian, J C Ayus
JournalThe American journal of medicine (Am J Med) Vol. 75 Issue 2 Pg. 345-8 (Aug 1983) ISSN: 0002-9343 [Print] United States
PMID6881188 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Vancomycin
Topics
  • Bacteria (drug effects)
  • Bacterial Infections (drug therapy, etiology)
  • Humans
  • Peritoneal Dialysis (adverse effects)
  • Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory (adverse effects)
  • Peritonitis (drug therapy, etiology)
  • Vancomycin (administration & dosage, pharmacology)

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