In five obese women heterozygous for
familial hypercholesterolemia, we assessed the combination of
weight loss and
sucrose polyester (SPE) in lowering
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). After a 10-day basal hypocaloric (1426 cal/day), 270 mg
cholesterol, P/S 1.2:1 diet, an average of 36 g of
dietary fat/day was replaced by 36 g of an 80/20 SPE-hydrogenated
palm oil mixture, providing 30 g SPE for 30 days; during the SPE substitution period mean
dietary cholesterol and P/S were unchanged, mean caloric intake was 1104 cal/day. During the hypocaloric basal diet, mean weight fell 1.2 kg, p less than 0.02, total plasma
cholesterol fell 8% from 358 +/- 46 to 330 +/- 47 mg/dl, p less than 0.01, LDLC fell 4% from 264 +/- 37 to 254 +/- 44 mg/dl, p greater than 0.1, and mean
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell 11%, from 52 +/- 4 to 46 +/- 4, p less than 0.05. Over the 30-day SPE substitution, mean
cholesterol fell 20% from 330 +/- 47 at the end of the basal diet to 265 +/- 42 mg/dl, p less than 0.001; mean LDLC fell 23%, from 254 +/- 44 to 195 +/- 41 mg/dl (p less than 0.01); weight fell 4%, p less than 0.01, from 91 +/- 7 to 87 +/- 7 kg, and mean
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell 11% from 46 +/- 4 to 41 +/- 2, p less than 0.05. Hypocaloric removal of
dietary fat by SPE, an
artificial fat with culinary properties of conventional
dietary fats, effectively reduces LDLC (by 23%) in
familial hypercholesterolemia subjects, with additive effects of SPE and
weight loss.