Brilliant Lake Red R as a cause of pigmented contact dermatitis.

Abstract

Twenty-three patients suffering from pigmented contact dermatitis caused by cosmetics containing Brilliant Lake Red R were observed. Commercial samples of Brilliant Lake Red R proved to contain many ethyl acetate extractable impurities; 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol and azobenzene were isolated and identified. To determine the responsible allergens, five patients were examined by patch tests with purified samples of azo-dyes and the unidentified fractions of ethyl acetate extractable impurities. Three out of five showed weaker reactions to purified samples of Brilliant Lake Red R and the other two showed equal reactions compared to the commercial product. 1-Phenylazo-2-naphthol was found to be a strong allergen in all cases but none showed a positive reaction to azobenzene. Some unidentified fractions also gave positive results. Patch tests were performed with 4-phenylazo-1-naphthol, 4-phenylazo-1-naphthol-2-carboxylic acid, and 2,4-bis(phenylazo)-1-naphthol, as structurally related compounds derived from 1-naphthol. All gave negative and they were not detected in the ethyl acetate extractable impurities by thin-layer chromatography.

• Authors: T Kozuka, M Tashiro, S Sano, K Fujimoto, Y Nakamura, S Hashimoto, G Nakaminami
• Journal: Contact dermatitis (Contact Dermatitis) Vol. 5 Issue 5 Pg. 297-304 (Sep 1979) ISSN: 0105-1873 [Print] England
• PMID: 509931 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Coloring Agents
• Cosmetics

Topics

• Adult
• Chemical Phenomena
• Chemistry
• Coloring Agents (adverse effects, analysis)
• Cosmetics (analysis)
• Dermatitis, Contact (etiology)
• Female
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Patch Tests
• Pigmentation Disorders (chemically induced)