Tumours induced in mice, either CBA normal and chimaerical, or C3H, by (90)Sr or (226)Ra or
plutonium have been examined histochemically with (1) diazotate
fast red violet LB
salt in
naphthol AS-MX phosphate buffer at pH 8·6 and 5·2, (2) 1: 9 dimethyl
methylene blue (Taylor).It is concluded:(a) The diagnosis of
osteosarcoma is facilitated with
Taylor's Blue which stains osteoid metachromatically. Cells of
osteosarcoma, like normal osteoblasts, contain
alkaline phosphatase but this may be lost by mutation either in the original tumour or subsequently on passage of the tumour serially to compatible hosts.(b) Osteosarcomata may contain giant-cells of two forms, bizarre tumour cells and osteoclasts; the latter contain
acid phosphatase. Osteosarcomata which retain their osteoid on serial passage have few cells containing
acid phosphatases.(c) Primitive mesenchymal cell tumours of angiomatous form may occur, if the bone marrow is irradiated, e.g. by (90)Sr-(90)Y and Pu. These tumours lack osteoid and cells interpretable as osteoblasts or osteoclasts (though they destroy bone).(d) Tumours classifiable as fibrosarcomata occur rarely, and may be truly of fibroblastic origin or be mutated osteosarcomata.(e) Lymphomata also occur when the marrow is irradiated ((90)Sr-(90)Y and Pu). They may be generalized, when their cells may contain
alkaline phosphatase or lack it. They may be localized to abdominal viscera, the reticulo-sarcomatous form, in which case the cells lack
alkaline phosphatase.