A method combining an enzymatic technique and short term culture was applied to 27
tumor tissues from 22 patients with nonfamilial
renal cell carcinoma in order to establish the chromosome changes in these
tumors. Chromosome analyses were successfully carried out in
quinacrine mustard-
Hoechst 33258 and G-banded preparations of 14
tumors from 12 patients, including 2 cases in which established cell lines were obtained after 43 and 64 days in culture and maintained for 25 and 30 passages in an in vitro system, respectively. The modal chromosome numbers ranged from 38-46 in 11 samples, involving chromosomes in structural and numerical changes and 72 chromosomes in one case, with the remaining 2 samples showing a variety of chromosome numbers. Banding analysis revealed 45 clonal aberrations in 11
tumor samples from 10 patients and nonclonal aberrations in the remaining 3 samples from 2 of the patients. Rearrangements of chromosome 3 were observed in 12
tumors, with the breakpoints on this chromosome almost totally clustered from p11 to p21. In one case both primary and metastatic
tumors were studied, and an
isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 1 was observed as clonal in origin in the metastatic tissue. Two cases showed nonclonal changes. The remaining case had one clonal abnormality, i.e., deletion of 6q. Of the remaining 33 clones, chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 11, and 17 were frequently involved. These results suggest that
renal cell carcinoma may be cytogenetically classified into 3 categories: (a)
tumors with changes of chromosome 3: (b)
tumors with other clonal aberrations; and (c)
tumors without clonal changes. Rearrangements of chromosome 3 may be possibly associated with the genesis and/or progression of
renal cell carcinoma.