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Removal of corneal crystals by topical cysteamine in nephropathic cystinosis.

Abstract
In patients with nephropathic cystinosis, corneal crystals develop by one year of age; they progressively accumulate and eventually cause recurrent corneal erosions and photophobia. After an in vitro study of cystinotic corneal stromal cells showed cystine depletion by cysteamine and after topical cysteamine was determined to be nontoxic in rabbits, we performed a controlled double-blind clinical trial of 10 mM cysteamine eyedrops in young patients with cystinosis, using one eye for treatment and the other as the control. Two children begun on the protocol before two years of age had a striking decrease in the number of corneal crystals in the cysteamine-treated eye within four to five months of entering the study. Cysteamine eyedrops appear to be safe and efficacious in the short-term treatment of patients with cystinosis who are under two years of age. The long-term value of such treatment and its effectiveness in older patients remain to be determined.
AuthorsM I Kaiser-Kupfer, L Fujikawa, T Kuwabara, S Jain, W A Gahl
JournalThe New England journal of medicine (N Engl J Med) Vol. 316 Issue 13 Pg. 775-9 (Mar 26 1987) ISSN: 0028-4793 [Print] United States
PMID3821824 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
Chemical References
  • Ophthalmic Solutions
  • Cysteamine
Topics
  • Administration, Topical
  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Animals
  • Corneal Diseases (drug therapy)
  • Crystallization
  • Cysteamine (administration & dosage)
  • Cystinosis (drug therapy)
  • Female
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Infant
  • Kidney Diseases (complications)
  • Male
  • Ophthalmic Solutions
  • Rabbits

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