Introduction: Intracranial
stents are of paramount importance in managing
cerebrovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the currently employed
drug-eluting stents, although effective in decreasing in-
stent restenosis, might impede the re-endothelialization process within blood vessels, potentially leading to prolonged
thrombosis development and restenosis over time. Methods: This study aims to construct a multifunctional bioactive coating to enhance the biocompatibility of the
stents.
Salvianolic acid B (SALB), a bioactive compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits potential for improving cardiovascular health. We utilized
dopamine as the base and adhered
chitosan-coated SALB
microspheres onto
nickel-titanium alloy flat plates, resulting in a multifunctional
drug coating. Results: By encapsulating SALB within
chitosan, the release period of SALB was effectively prolonged, as evidenced by the in vitro drug release curve showing sustained release over 28 days. The interaction between the
drug coating and blood was examined through experiments on water contact angle, clotting time, and
protein adsorption. Cellular experiments showed that the
drug coating stimulates the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Discussion: These findings indicate its potential to promote re-endothelialization. In addition, the bioactive coating effectively suppressed smooth muscle cells proliferation, adhesion, and migration, potentially reducing the occurrence of neointimal
hyperplasia and restenosis. These findings emphasize the exceptional biocompatibility of the newly developed bioactive coating and demonstrate its potential clinical application as an innovative strategy to improve
stent therapy efficacy. Thus, this coating holds great promise for the treatment of
cerebrovascular disease.