Combining different
antimicrobial agents has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance efficacy and address resistance evolution. In this study, we investigated the synergistic antimicrobial effect of a cationic biobased
polymer and the
antimicrobial peptide (
AMP)
temporin L, with the goal of developing multifunctional electrospun fibers for potential biomedical applications, particularly in
wound dressing. A clickable
polymer with pendent
alkyne groups was synthesized by using a biobased
itaconic acid building block. Subsequently, the
polymer was functionalized through click chemistry with thiazolium groups derived from
vitamin B1 (PTTIQ), as well as a combination of thiazolium and
AMP temporin L, resulting in a conjugate
polymer-
peptide (PTTIQ-
AMP). The individual and combined effects of the cationic PTTIQ,
Temporin L, and PTTIQ-
AMP were evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Candida species. The results demonstrated that most combinations exhibited an indifferent effect, whereas the covalently conjugated PTTIQ-
AMP displayed an antagonistic effect, potentially attributed to the aggregation process. Both antimicrobial compounds, PTTIQ and
temporin L, were incorporated into
poly(lactic acid) electrospun fibers using the supercritical
solvent impregnation method. This approach yielded fibers with improved antibacterial performance, as a result of the potent activity exerted by the
AMP and the nonleaching nature of the cationic
polymer, thereby enhancing long-term effectiveness.