Neuromodulators for Skin.

Abstract

Neurotoxins are the most popular nonsurgical aesthetic procedure for men and women of all ages. Five botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) products represent the current palette of available BoNTA for cosmetic use. Off-label uses of BoNTA continue to expand and are now used for skin rejuvenation, to treat various skin disorders, and in facial nerve paralysis. Dermal and subdermal injections of dilute BoNTA has grown in popularity and been shown to improve skin texture and quality. Common targets for chemodenervation in facial nerve synkinesis are ipsilateral orbicularis oculi, mentalis, depressor anguli oris, buccinator, corrugator muscles, and the ipsilateral and/or contralateral frontalis.

• Authors: Anya Costeloe, Angela Nguyen, Corey Maas
• Journal: Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America (Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am) Vol. 31 Issue 4 Pg. 511-519 (Nov 2023) ISSN: 1558-1926 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 37806684 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Botulinum Toxins, Type A
• Neurotoxins
• Neurotransmitter Agents

Topics

• Male
• Humans
• Female
• Skin Aging
• Botulinum Toxins, Type A (therapeutic use)
• Neurotoxins (therapeutic use)
• Neurotransmitter Agents
• Face