(-)-
Guaiol is a
sesquiterpenoid found in many traditional Chinese medicines with potent antitumor activity. However, its
therapeutic effect and mechanism in
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, (-)-
Guaiol was found to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in NSCLC in vitro. Using (-)-
Guaiol in vivo, we found that (-)-
Guaiol could suppress
tumor growth, increase dendritic cell activation, and enhance T-cell infiltration. Vaccination experiments suggest that cellular immunoprophylaxis after (-)-
Guaiol intervention can suppress
tumor growth. Previous studies have found that (-)-
Guaiol induces apoptosis and autophagy in NSCLC. Apoptosis and autophagy are closely related to ICD. To explore whether autophagy and apoptosis are involved in (-)-
Guaiol-induced ICD, we used inhibitors of apoptosis and autophagy. The results showed that the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) was partly reversed after inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy. In conclusion, these results suggested that the (-)-
Guaiol triggers immunogenic cell death and inhibits
tumor growth in NSCLC.