Control and Risk Factors of Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Cervical Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM:

Nausea and vomiting are two of the most distressing adverse events of cancer radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to examine the control rate and risk factors associated with nausea and vomiting in patients with cervical cancer receiving radiotherapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This retrospective study examined patients with cervical cancer who received radiotherapy alone or with concomitant cisplatin. Patients who received radiotherapy alone were not administered antiemetic premedication, while patients who received radiotherapy with concomitant weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2) were administered antiemetic therapy comprising granisetron and dexamethasone. Risk factors for non-complete response (CR) were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:

Multivariate analysis indicated that younger age and concomitant weekly cisplatin were significant factors associated with non-CR across 5 weeks of treatment in patients who received radiotherapy. The proportion achieving CR among younger patients (<65 years) who received radiotherapy alone or with concomitant cisplatin was significantly lower than that among older patients (≥65 years) (Concomitant cisplatin: 27% vs. 67%, p=0.049; Radiotherapy alone: 62% vs. 91%, p=0.166). However, the proportion of patients achieving CR across 5 weeks of treatment was insufficient in all groups except for those aged ≥ 65 years who received radiotherapy alone.

CONCLUSION:

Antiemetic prophylaxis should be considered for younger patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy alone. Further, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist should be added to 5-hydroxytryptamine type-3 receptor antagonist and dexamethasone as antiemetic prophylactic therapy for patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy with concomitant weekly doses of 40 mg/m2 cisplatin.

• Authors: Akane Uno, Senri Yamamoto, Hirotoshi Iihara, Hironori Fujii, Chiyoko Makita, Yoh Hayasaki, Yukino Ueda, Masaya Ito, Motoki Takenaka, Tomoyasu Kumano, Minako Mori, Moeka Yasue, Hiroko Kato-Hayashi, Ryo Kobayashi, Ken-Ichirou Morishige, Masayuki Matsuo, Hideki Hayashi, Akio Suzuki
• Journal: Anticancer research (Anticancer Res) Vol. 42 Issue 6 Pg. 3117-3123 (Jun 2022) ISSN: 1791-7530 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 35641271 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antiemetics
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Dexamethasone
• Cisplatin

Topics

• Antiemetics (therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Cisplatin (adverse effects)
• Dexamethasone (adverse effects)
• Female
• Humans
• Nausea (drug therapy, etiology, prevention & control)
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms (drug therapy, radiotherapy)
• Vomiting (chemically induced, prevention & control)