Smart Mushroom-Inspired Imprintable and Lightly Detachable (MILD) Microneedle Patterns for Effective COVID-19 Vaccination and Decentralized Information Storage.

Abstract	The key to controlling the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reducing mortality is highly dependent on the safe and effective use of vaccines for the general population. Current COVID-19 vaccination practices (intramuscular injection of solution-based vaccines) are limited by heavy reliance on medical professionals, poor compliance, and laborious vaccination recording procedures, resulting in a waste of health resources and low vaccination coverage, etc. In this study, we developed a smart mushroom-inspired imprintable and lightly detachable (MILD) microneedle platform for the effective and convenient delivery of multidose COVID-19 vaccines and decentralized vaccine information storage. The mushroom-like structure allows the MILD system to be easily pressed into the skin and detached from the patch base, acting as a "tattoo" to record the vaccine counts in situ without any storage equipment, offering quick accessibility and effortless readout, saving a great deal of valuable time and energy for both patients and health professionals. After loading inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus-based vaccines, MILD system induced a high level of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) in vivo without eliciting systemic toxicity and local damage. Collectively, this smart delivery platform serves as a promising carrier to improve COVID-19 vaccination efficacy through its dual capabilities of vaccine delivery and in situ data storage, thus exhibiting great potential for helping to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or a resurgence.
Authors	Qilin Li, Rengui Xu, Huiling Fan, Jiarong Xu, Yunruo Xu, Peng Cao, Yan Zhang, Tao Liang, Yang Zhang, Wei Chen, Zheng Wang, Lin Wang, Xiaoyuan Chen
Journal	ACS nano (ACS Nano) Vol. 16 Issue 5 Pg. 7512-7524 (05 24 2022) ISSN: 1936-086X [Electronic] United States
PMID	35451839 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	COVID-19 Vaccines Antibodies, Viral
Topics	Humans COVID-19 (prevention & control) COVID-19 Vaccines Pandemics (prevention & control) SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination (methods) Information Storage and Retrieval Antibodies, Viral

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