Comparing real-life effectiveness of various COVID-19 vaccine regimens during the delta variant-dominant pandemic: a test-negative case-control study.

Abstract

Data on real-life vaccine effectiveness (VE), against the delta variant (B.1.617.2) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among various coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine regimens are urgently needed to impede the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a test-negative case-control study to assess the VE of various vaccine regimens for preventing COVID-19 during the period when the delta variant was the dominant causative virus (≥ 95%) in Thailand (25 July 2021-23 Oct 2021). All individuals (age ≥18 years) at-risk for COVID-19, presented for nasopharyngeal real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, were prospectively enrolled and followed up for disease development. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated with adjustment for individual demographic and clinical characteristics. Of 3353 included individuals, there were 1118 cases and 2235 controls. The adjusted VE among persons receiving two-dose CoronaVac plus one BNT162b2 booster was highest (98%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 87-100), followed by those receiving two-dose CoronaVac plus one ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 booster (86%; 95% CI 74-93), two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (83%; 95% CI 70-90), one CoronaVac dose and one ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose (74%; 95% CI 43-88) and two-dose CoronaVac (60%; 95% CI 49-69). One dose of CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 had a VE of less than 50%. Our study demonstrated the incremental VE with the increase in the number of vaccine doses received. The two-dose CoronaVac plus one BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 booster regimens was highly effective in preventing COVID-19 during the rise of delta variant.

• Authors: Paskorn Sritipsukho, Thana Khawcharoenporn, Boonying Siribumrungwong, Pansachee Damronglerd, Nuntra Suwantarat, Araya Satdhabudha, Chanapai Chaiyakulsil, Phakatip Sinlapamongkolkul, Auchara Tangsathapornpong, Pornumpa Bunjoungmanee, Sira Nanthapisal, Chamnan Tanprasertkul, Naiyana Sritipsukho, Chatchai Mingmalairak, Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Pichaya Tantiyavarong
• Journal: Emerging microbes & infections (Emerg Microbes Infect) Vol. 11 Issue 1 Pg. 585-592 (Dec 2022) ISSN: 2222-1751 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35114893 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• COVID-19 Vaccines
• ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
• BNT162 Vaccine

Topics

• Adolescent
• BNT162 Vaccine
• COVID-19
• COVID-19 Vaccines
• Case-Control Studies
• ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
• Humans
• Pandemics
• SARS-CoV-2