Osteosarcoma Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) Models Used to Identify Novel and Effective Therapeutics: A Review.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM:

Recurrent osteosarcoma is recalcitrant with poor response rates to first-line chemotherapy due to heterogeneity and metastatic potential. This disease requires novel drug discovery and precision treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The osteosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model mimics the clinical disease and has identified effective clinically-approved drugs and experimental agents, especially drug combinations, that hold much clinical promise.

RESULTS:

Effective treatment for drug-resistant osteosarcoma includes regorafenib, as monotherapy, and temozolomide-irinotecan, trabectedin-irinotecan, sorafenib-everolimus, sorafenib-palbociclib, and olaratumab-doxorubicin-cisplatinum, as combinations.

CONCLUSION:

The PDOX model can be used to improve the outcome of osteosarcoma patients, including individualized, precision therapy.

• Authors: Takashi Higuchi, Kentaro Igarashi, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Shinji Miwa, Michael Bouvet, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Robert M Hoffman
• Journal: Anticancer research (Anticancer Res) Vol. 41 Issue 12 Pg. 5865-5871 (Dec 2021) ISSN: 1791-7530 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 34848441 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Biomarkers, Tumor

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Bone Neoplasms (drug therapy, etiology, pathology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Disease Susceptibility
• Drug Discovery
• Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
• Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor (methods)
• Humans
• Mice
• Molecular Targeted Therapy
• Osteosarcoma (drug therapy, etiology, pathology)
• Precision Medicine (methods)
• Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays