Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide in the Management of Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.

Abstract

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe condition characterized by the systemic formation of microthrombi complicated with bleeding tendency and organ dysfunction. In the last years, it represents one of the most frequent consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pathogenesis of DIC is complex, with cross-talk between the coagulant and inflammatory pathways. The objective of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory action of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced DIC model in rats. Experimental DIC was induced by continual infusion of LPS (30 mg/kg) for 4 h through the tail vein. Um-PEA (30 mg/kg) was given orally 30 min before and 1 h after the start of intravenous infusion of LPS. Results showed that um-PEA reduced alteration of coagulation markers, as well as proinflammatory cytokine release in plasma and lung samples, induced by LPS infusion. Furthermore, um-PEA also has the effect of preventing the formation of fibrin deposition and lung damage. Moreover, um-PEA was able to reduce the number of mast cells (MCs) and the release of its serine proteases, which are also necessary for SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results suggest that um-PEA could be considered as a potential therapeutic approach in the management of DIC and in clinical implications associated to coagulopathy and lung dysfunction, such as COVID-19.

• Authors: Ramona D'Amico, Francesco Monaco, Rosalba Siracusa, Marika Cordaro, Roberta Fusco, Alessio Filippo Peritore, Enrico Gugliandolo, Rosalia Crupi, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Rosanna Di Paola, Daniela Impellizzeri, Tiziana Genovese
• Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (Int J Mol Sci) Vol. 22 Issue 21 (Oct 21 2021) ISSN: 1422-0067 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 34768820 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Amides
• Cytokines
• Ethanolamines
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Palmitic Acids
• fibrin fragment D
• palmidrol
• Serine Proteases

Topics

• Amides (chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Animals
• Blood Coagulation Disorders (drug therapy, etiology)
• COVID-19 (pathology, virology)
• Cytokines (blood, metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (drug therapy, etiology)
• Ethanolamines (chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products (metabolism)
• Lipopolysaccharides (toxicity)
• Lung (metabolism, pathology)
• Male
• Mast Cells (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
• Palmitic Acids (chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Partial Thromboplastin Time
• Prothrombin Time
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• SARS-CoV-2 (isolation & purification)
• Sepsis (complications, pathology)
• Serine Proteases (metabolism)