Continuous clinical improvement of mild-to-moderate seborrheic dermatitis and rebalancing of the scalp microbiome using a selenium disulfide-based shampoo after an initial treatment with ketoconazole.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, relapsing, and inflammatory scalp disease. Studies indicate a global bacterial and fungal microbiota shift of scalp SD, as compared to healthy scalp. Ketoconazole and selenium disulfide (SeS2 ) improve clinical signs and symptoms in both scalp dandruff and SD.

AIM:

The main objective of this study was to investigate the changes in the scalp microbiota diversity and counts in subjects with scalp SD during a two-phase treatment period.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The scalp microbiota and clinical efficacy were investigated in 68 subjects with mild-to-moderate scalp SD after an initial one-month treatment with 2% ketoconazole, and after a 2-month maintenance phase, either with a 1% SeS2 -based shampoo or its vehicle.

RESULTS:

Thirty one subjects in the active and 37 subjects in the vehicle group participated. Ketoconazole provided an improvement of clinical symptoms (adherent (-1.75 p < 0.05), non-adherent (-1.5, p < 0.05)) flakes and erythema (scores 1.67-0.93, p < 0.001), in an increased fungal diversity and in a significant (p < 0.005) decrease of Malassezia spp. SeS2 provided an additional clinical improvement (-0.8; p = 0.0002 and -0.7; p = 0.0081 for adherent and non-adherent flakes, respectively, at Day 84) compared to the vehicle associated with a low Malassezia spp. count and an additional significant (p < 0.001) decrease of the Staphylococcus spp. level.

CONCLUSION:

Selenium disulfide provides an additional benefit on the scalp microbiota and in clinical symptoms of SD and dandruff after treatment with ketoconazole. The results confirm the role of Staphylococcus spp. in scalp SD and open possible perspectives for preventing relapses.

• Authors: Philippe Massiot, Cécile Clavaud, Marie Thomas, Alban Ott, Audrey Guéniche, Ségolène Panhard, Benoît Muller, Céline Michelin, Delphine Kerob, Anne Bouloc, Pascal Reygagne
• Journal: Journal of cosmetic dermatology (J Cosmet Dermatol) Vol. 21 Issue 5 Pg. 2215-2225 (May 2022) ISSN: 1473-2165 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34416081 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2021 L’OREAL. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Chemical References

• Hair Preparations
• Selenium Compounds
• Ketoconazole
• selenium disulfide

Topics

• Dandruff (drug therapy)
• Dermatitis, Seborrheic (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Hair Preparations (adverse effects)
• Humans
• Ketoconazole (therapeutic use)
• Malassezia
• Microbiota
• Scalp
• Scalp Dermatoses (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Selenium Compounds