(1) Background: The tumor microenvironment is involved in the growth and proliferation of malignant
tumors and in the process of resistance towards systemic and targeted
therapies. A correlation between the gene expression profile of the tumor microenvironment and the prognosis of
ovarian cancer patients is already known. (2) Methods: Based on data from The
Cancer Genome Atlas (379
RNA sequencing samples), we constructed a prognostic 11-gene signature (SNRPA1, CCL19, CXCL11, CDC5L, APCDD1, LPAR2, PI3, PLEKHF1, CCDC80, CPXM1 and CTAG2) for Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique stage III and IV serous
ovarian cancer through lasso regression. (3) Results: The established risk score was able to predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year prognoses more accurately than previously known models. (4) Conclusions: We were able to confirm the predictive power of this model when we applied it to cervical and urothelial
cancer, supporting its pan-
cancer usability. We found that immune checkpoint genes correlate negatively with a higher risk score. Based on this information, we used our risk score to predict the biological response of
cancer samples to an anti-
programmed death ligand 1 immunotherapy, which could be useful for future clinical studies on
immunotherapy in
ovarian cancer.