Mechanism of hypertensive crisis during energy device ablation of the adrenal gland: An experimental animal study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To elucidate the mechanism of hypertensive crisis during energy device ablation of the adrenal gland.

METHODS:

Electrocoagulation on the adrenal glands of six pigs was carried out with the same energy device (VIO300D) using four methods: (i) monopolar coagulation; (ii) monopolar soft coagulation using IO-advanced ball-type electrodes; (iii) bipolar soft coagulation by pinching; and (iv) bipolar soft coagulation by non-pinching (surface contact) using Bipolar forceps Premium. After electrocoagulation for 5 s, blood pressure and pulse changes were monitored, and adrenal hormones were measured from a central vein. The adrenal glands were removed, and the degree of tissue damage was scored histologically.

RESULTS:

Hypertensive crisis occurred with electrocoagulation of the adrenal gland by the monopolar coagulation, monopolar soft coagulation and bipolar soft coagulation pinching methods. Blood pressure did not change with the bipolar soft coagulation non-pinching method. Pathologically, tissue damage to the adrenal medulla was associated with elevated blood pressure and adrenaline and noradrenaline release.

CONCLUSIONS:

Hypertensive crisis caused by energy device ablation to the adrenal gland is caused by the release of catecholamines due to heat damage to the adrenal medulla rather than the type of energy device. Proper use of an energy device that does not cause thermal degeneration of the medulla is required to prevent hypertensive crisis.

• Authors: Akira Fujisaki, Tatsuya Takayama, Motofumi Suzuki, Taro Kubo, Takumi Teratani, Shinsuke Kurokawa, Tomohiro Kameda, Maiko Komatsubara, Tatsuo Morita, Tetsuya Fujimura
• Journal: International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association (Int J Urol) Vol. 28 Issue 5 Pg. 598-604 (05 2021) ISSN: 1442-2042 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 33615568 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2021 The Japanese Urological Association.

Topics

• Adrenal Glands
• Animals
• Blood Pressure
• Electrocoagulation (adverse effects)
• Hemostasis, Surgical
• Hypertension (etiology)
• Swine