Effects of metformin on the osteogenesis of alveolar BMSCs from diabetic patients and implant osseointegration in rats.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to explore the effects of metformin on osteogenic differentiation of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (DM-BMSCs) and implant osseointegration in rats, screen the optimal concentration, and investigate whether metformin could protect against the adverse impact of T2DM on BMSC osteogenic capacity.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Different concentrations of metformin were administered to human-derived BMSCs and Wistar rats receiving implants. ALP detection, alizarin red staining, real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect osteogenesis and investigate the mechanism. Toluidine blue staining was performed to analyse bone-implant contact in rats.

RESULTS:

Metformin increased implant osseointegration in a rat model and promoted the osteogenic capacity of DM-BMSCs via the AMPK/BMP/Smad signalling pathway, and 125 μM was the optimal concentration; however, concentrations over 200 µM, metformin showed an inhibitory effect on DM-BMSCs. Additionally, metformin at the optimal concentration (125 µM) identified in this study could compensate for the negative impacts of T2DM on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Metformin can promote the osteogenesis of BMSCs from T2DM patients and osseointegration in rats, and it might be an effective drug for increasing the success rate of T2DM-associated implants.

• Authors: Rongxin Sun, Chao Liang, Yujie Sun, Yifan Xu, Wei Geng, Jun Li
• Journal: Oral diseases (Oral Dis) Vol. 28 Issue 4 Pg. 1170-1180 (May 2022) ISSN: 1601-0825 [Electronic] Denmark
• PMID: 33606350 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Chemical References

• Metformin

Topics

• Animals
• Cell Differentiation
• Cells, Cultured
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications, drug therapy, metabolism)
• Humans
• Mesenchymal Stem Cells
• Metformin (pharmacology)
• Osseointegration
• Osteogenesis
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar