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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia in the first remission: outcomes using haploidentical donors are similar to those using matched siblings.

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective and curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We explored the outcome of haploidentical donor (HID) transplantation for intermediate-risk AML and compared to that of matched sibling donor (MSD) transplants. One hundred twenty-seven consecutive patients with intermediate-risk AML in the first complete remission (CR1) who underwent allo-HSCT between January 1, 2015, and August 1, 2016, were enrolled. Thirty-seven patients received MSD grafts, and 90 received HID grafts. The 2-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) of the HID group was comparable to that of the MSD group: 82.0% ± 4.1% versus 82.7% ± 6.4%, P = 0.457. The 2-year cumulative incidences of relapse and transplantation-related mortality (TRM) were comparable between the HID and MSD groups (relapse, 4.5% ± 0.1%, versus 11.5% ± 0.3%, P = 0.550; TRM, 13.4% ± 0.1% vs. 5.8% ± 0.2%, P = 0.154). The HID recipients had a trend of a lower 2-year cumulative incidence of positive posttransplant flow cytometry (FCM+) and relapse than the MSD recipients (5.6% ± 0.1% vs. 19.9% ± 0.5%, P = 0.092). These results suggest that the outcomes of allo-HSCT with HIDs are comparable to those with MSDs in terms of LFS, TRM, and relapse for intermediate-risk AML in CR1. HIDs could be an alternative to MSDs for intermediate-risk AML.
AuthorsYan-Ru Ma, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Kai-Yan Liu, Ying-Jun Chang, Meng Lv, Chen-Hua Yan, Yu-Hong Chen, Wei Han, Feng-Rong Wang, Xiao-Dong Mo, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yu Wang
JournalAnnals of hematology (Ann Hematol) Vol. 100 Issue 2 Pg. 555-562 (Feb 2021) ISSN: 1432-0584 [Electronic] Germany
PMID33415424 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article)
Topics
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Allografts
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute (mortality, therapy)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Remission Induction
  • Siblings
  • Survival Rate
  • Tissue Donors

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