Cardiovascular Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Clinical Risk Factors.

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies targeting CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, have improved the outcome of many malignancies, but serious immune-related cardiovascular adverse events have been observed. Patients' risk factors for these toxicities are currently being investigated.

RECENT FINDINGS:

Interfering with the CTLA-4 and PD-1 axes can bring to several immune-related adverse events, including cardiotoxic events such as autoimmune myocarditis, pericarditis, and vasculitis, suggesting that these molecules play an important role in preventing autoimmunity. Risk factors (such as pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, previous and concomitant cardiotoxic treatments, underlying autoimmune diseases, tumor-related factors, simultaneous immune-related toxic effects, and genetic factors) should be always recognized for the correct management of these toxicities.

• Authors: Flora Pirozzi, Remo Poto, Luisa Aran, Alessandra Cuomo, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Giuseppe Spadaro, Pasquale Abete, Domenico Bonaduce, Gianni Marone, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Gilda Varricchi, Valentina Mercurio
• Journal: Current oncology reports (Curr Oncol Rep) Vol. 23 Issue 2 Pg. 13 (01 07 2021) ISSN: 1534-6269 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 33415405 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
• B7-H1 Antigen
• CD274 protein, human
• CTLA-4 Antigen
• CTLA4 protein, human
• Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Topics

• Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological (therapeutic use)
• B7-H1 Antigen
• CTLA-4 Antigen
• Cardiotoxicity (etiology)
• Cell Cycle Checkpoints (drug effects)
• Humans
• Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (adverse effects)
• Immunotherapy (adverse effects)
• Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• Risk Factors