Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 10-year changes in plasma TMAO levels were significantly associated with CHD incidence. METHODS: This prospective nested case-control study included 760 healthy women at baseline. Plasma TMAO levels were measured both at the first (1989 to 1990) and the second (2000 to 2002) blood collections; 10-year changes (Δ) in TMAO were calculated. Incident cases of CHD (n = 380) were identified after the second blood collection through 2016 and were matched to controls (n = 380). RESULTS: Regardless of the initial TMAO levels, 10-year increases in TMAO from the first to second blood collection were significantly associated with an increased risk of CHD (relative risk [RR] in the top tertile: 1.58 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05 to 2.38]; RR per 1-SD increment: 1.33 [95% CI: 1.06 to 1.67]). Participants with elevated TMAO levels (the top tertile) at both time points showed the highest RR of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.08 to 2.96) for CHD as compared with those with consistently low TMAO levels. Further, we found that the ΔTMAO-CHD relationship was strengthened by unhealthy dietary patterns (assessed by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index) and was attenuated by healthy dietary patterns (p interaction = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term increases in TMAO were associated with higher CHD risk, and repeated assessment of TMAO over 10 years improved the identification of people with a higher risk of CHD. Diet may modify the associations of ΔTMAO with CHD risk.
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Authors | Yoriko Heianza, Wenjie Ma, Joseph A DiDonato, Qi Sun, Eric B Rimm, Frank B Hu, Kathryn M Rexrode, JoAnn E Manson, Lu Qi |
Journal | Journal of the American College of Cardiology
(J Am Coll Cardiol)
Vol. 75
Issue 7
Pg. 763-772
(02 25 2020)
ISSN: 1558-3597 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 32081286
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2020 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Methylamines
- trimethyloxamine
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Topics |
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Coronary Disease
(blood, epidemiology, microbiology)
- Diet, Healthy
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Humans
- Incidence
- Massachusetts
(epidemiology)
- Methylamines
(blood)
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
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