Primary Bone Tumors: Challenges and Opportunities for CAR-T Therapies.

Abstract

Primary malignant bone tumors are rare, occur in all age groups, and include distinct entities such as osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. Traditional treatment with some combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation has reached the limit of efficacy, with substantial room for improvement in patient outcome. Furthermore, genomic characterization of these tumors reveals a paucity of actionable molecular targets. Against this backdrop, recent advances in cancer immunotherapy represent a silver lining in the treatment of primary bone cancer. Major strategies in cancer immunotherapy include stimulating naturally occurring anti-tumor T cells and adoptive transfer of tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) belong to the latter strategy and are an impressive application of both insights into T cell biology and advances in genetic engineering. In this review, we briefly describe the CAR-T approach and discuss its applications in primary bone tumors. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

• Authors: Ian W Folkert, Samir Devalaraja, Gerald P Linette, Kristy Weber, Malay Haldar
• Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (J Bone Miner Res) Vol. 34 Issue 10 Pg. 1780-1788 (10 2019) ISSN: 1523-4681 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31441962 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Chemical References

• Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
• Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Topics

• Bone Neoplasms (immunology, therapy)
• Humans
• Immunotherapy, Adoptive
• Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell (chemistry, metabolism)
• Receptors, Chimeric Antigen (therapeutic use)