This study explored the effect of
pidotimod combined with
azithromycin on children with
mycoplasma pneumonia and the expression of
interleukin-10 (IL-10) and
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (
G-CSF) in serum. The clinical data of 149 children with
mycoplasma pneumonia from May 2014 to May 2018 in Zhangqiu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were collected. Among them, 70 children treated with
azithromycin sequential
therapy were the control group, and 79 children treated with the combination of
pidotimod and
azithromycin were the observation group. Double antibody sandwich
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF in serum before and
after treatment. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between
IL-10 and
G-CSF in serum. The total effective rate in the observation group (94.94%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (81.43%) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF in the two groups
after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05).
After treatment, the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF in serum in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF before and
after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05), and a significant positive correlation between the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF before and
after treatment in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with sequential treatment with
azithromycin alone,
pidotimod combined with
azithromycin significantly reduced the expression levels of
IL-10 and
G-CSF in serum of children with
mycoplasma pneumonia, improved the curative effect and reduced the occurrence of adverse reactions, which has high application value in clinic.