The neurotoxic effect of gold sodium thiomalate on the peripheral nerves of the rat. Insights into the antiinflammatory actions of gold therapy.

Abstract

Although gold is one of the few therapeutic agents that has been proven effective in producing remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, its mechanism of action is unknown. Since nociceptive afferent and sympathetic efferent fibers of the peripheral nervous system contribute to the pathophysiology of inflammation, and since a known side effect of gold therapy is a polyneuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that gold is toxic to small-diameter peripheral nerve fibers in the rat. We found that prolonged treatment with gold, at the same dosage reported to be effective against adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat, produced a significant decrease in the numbers of unmyelinated, but not of myelinated, axons. Gold treatment also elevated nociceptive thresholds in both articular and nonarticular structures. These results suggest that gold produces an antiinflammatory effect on arthritis by a neurotoxic effect on the peripheral nerves involved in neurogenic inflammation.

• Authors: J D Levine, J Goldstine, M Mayes, M A Moskowitz, A I Basbaum
• Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism (Arthritis Rheum) Vol. 29 Issue 7 Pg. 897-901 (Jul 1986) ISSN: 0004-3591 [Print] United States
• PMID: 3091040 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Neurotoxins
• Gold Sodium Thiomalate

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (therapeutic use)
• Axons (ultrastructure)
• Gold Sodium Thiomalate (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Hot Temperature
• Male
• Nerve Fibers (ultrastructure)
• Nerve Fibers, Myelinated (ultrastructure)
• Neurotoxins (pharmacology)
• Nociceptors (physiology)
• Peripheral Nerves (drug effects, ultrastructure)
• Rats
• Rats, Inbred Strains
• Sensory Thresholds