Shorter Disease Duration Is Associated With Higher Rates of Response to Vedolizumab in Patients With Crohn's Disease But Not Ulcerative Colitis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS:

Patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but not ulcerative colitis (UC), of shorter duration have higher rates of response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists than patients with longer disease duration. Little is known about the association between disease duration and response to other biologic agents. We aimed to evaluate response of patients with CD or UC to vedolizumab, stratified by disease duration.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from a retrospective, multicenter, consortium of patients with CD (n = 650) or UC (n = 437) treated with vedolizumab from May 2014 through December 2016. Using time to event analyses, we compared rates of clinical remission, corticosteroid-free remission (CSFR), and endoscopic remission between patients with early-stage (≤2 years duration) and later-stage (>2 years) CD or UC. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify factors associated with outcomes.

RESULTS:

Within 6 months initiation of treatment with vedolizumab, significantly higher proportions of patients with early-stage CD, vs later-stage CD, achieved clinical remission (38% vs 23%), CSFR (43% vs 14%), and endoscopic remission (29% vs 13%) (P < .05 for all comparisons). After adjusting for disease-related factors including previous exposure to TNF antagonists, patients with early-stage CD were significantly more likely than patients with later-stage CD to achieve clinical remission (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.02-2.49), CSFR (aHR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.66-6.92), and endoscopic remission (aHR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.06-3.39). In contrast, disease duration was not a significant predictor of response among patients with UC.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with CD for 2 years or less are significantly more likely to achieve a complete response, CSFR, or endoscopic response to vedolizumab than patients with longer disease duration. Disease duration does not associate with response vedolizumab in patients with UC.

• Authors: David M Faleck, Adam Winters, Shreya Chablaney, Preeti Shashi, Joseph Meserve, Aaron Weiss, Satimai Aniwan, Jenna L Koliani-Pace, Gursimran Kochhar, Brigid S Boland, Siddharth Singh, Robert Hirten, Eugenia Shmidt, Varun Kesar, Karen Lasch, Michelle Luo, Matthew Bohm, Sashidhar Varma, Monika Fischer, David Hudesman, Shannon Chang, Dana Lukin, Keith Sultan, Arun Swaminath, Nitin Gupta, Corey A Siegel, Bo Shen, William J Sandborn, Sunanda Kane, Edward V Loftus Jr, Bruce E Sands, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Parambir S Dulai, Ryan Ungaro
• Journal: Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association (Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol) Vol. 17 Issue 12 Pg. 2497-2505.e1 (11 2019) ISSN: 1542-7714 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30625408 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Gastrointestinal Agents
• vedolizumab

Topics

• Adult
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized (therapeutic use)
• Colitis, Ulcerative (drug therapy)
• Crohn Disease (drug therapy)
• Endoscopy, Digestive System
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Agents (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Registries
• Remission Induction
• Retrospective Studies
• Time Factors
• Young Adult