Renal Tubular Acidosis.

Abstract

Renal tubular acidosis should be suspected in poorly thriving young children with hyperchloremic and hypokalemic normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, with/without syndromic features. Further workup is needed to determine the type of renal tubular acidosis and the presumed etiopathogenesis, which informs treatment choices and prognosis. The risk of nephrolithiasis and calcinosis is linked to the presence (proximal renal tubular acidosis, negligible stone risk) or absence (distal renal tubular acidosis, high stone risk) of urine citrate excretion. New formulations of slow-release alkali and potassium combination supplements are being tested that are expected to simplify treatment and lead to sustained acidosis correction.

• Authors: Robert Todd Alexander, Martin Bitzan
• Journal: Pediatric clinics of North America (Pediatr Clin North Am) Vol. 66 Issue 1 Pg. 135-157 (02 2019) ISSN: 1557-8240 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30454739 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Acidosis, Renal Tubular (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, physiopathology)
• Child
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Humans
• Risk Factors