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Overwhelming pneumonia.

Abstract
Overwhelming pneumonias remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality. These illnesses may be rapidly fatal; thus, many patients are treated empirically. Although the various etiologic agents cannot be differentiated on the basis of radiographic appearance, epidemiologic information may give a clue to the cause. Community-acquired overwhelming pneumonias are usually due to pyogenic bacteria (especially Streptococcus pneumoniae), mycoplasma, mycobacteria, and fungi. Hospital-acquired pneumonias are usually due to aerobic gram-negative bacilli. If the patient is immunocompromised, Pneumocystis carinii, Candida, and Aspergillus must be considered. Choice of optimal antimicrobial therapy requires that a specific etiology be identified. Gram's stain of sputum is often helpful in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. Invasive diagnostic techniques such as bronchoscopy and open lung biopsy are often required in nosocomial pneumonias and pneumonias in immunocompromised patients.
AuthorsJ Segreti, R C Bone
JournalDisease-a-month : DM (Dis Mon) Vol. 33 Issue 1 Pg. 1-59 (Jan 1987) ISSN: 0011-5029 [Print] United States
PMID3026760 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Penicillin G
Topics
  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (complications, microbiology)
  • Blastomycosis (complications)
  • Coccidioidomycosis (complications)
  • Cross Infection (physiopathology)
  • Haemophilus Infections (complications)
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Histoplasmosis (complications)
  • Humans
  • Legionnaires' Disease (complications, diagnosis, physiopathology)
  • Lung Diseases (etiology)
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections (complications)
  • Penicillin G (therapeutic use)
  • Pneumonia (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, microbiology)
  • Pneumonia, Aspiration (drug therapy, physiopathology)
  • Pneumonia, Pneumococcal (diagnosis, physiopathology)
  • Pneumonia, Staphylococcal (physiopathology)
  • Pneumonia, Viral (etiology)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Tuberculosis (diagnosis)

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