Creation of a nanoformulated cabotegravir prodrug with improved antiretroviral profiles.

Abstract

Long-acting parenteral (LAP) antiretroviral drugs have generated considerable interest for treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. One new LAP is cabotegravir (CAB), a highly potent integrase inhibitor, with a half-life of up to 54 days, allowing for every other month parenteral administrations. Despite this excellent profile, high volume dosing, injection site reactions and low body fluid drug concentrations affect broad use for virus infected and susceptible people. To improve the drug delivery profile, we created a myristoylated CAB prodrug (MCAB). MCAB formed crystals that were formulated into nanoparticles (NMCAB) of stable size and shape facilitating avid monocyte-macrophage entry, retention and reticuloendothelial system depot formulation. Drug release kinetics paralleled sustained protection against HIV-1 challenge. After a single 45 mg/kg intramuscular injection to BALB/cJ mice, the NMCAB pharmacokinetic profiles was 4-times greater than that recorded for CAB LAP. These observations paralleled replicate measurements in rhesus macaques. The results coupled with improved viral restriction in human adult lymphocyte reconstituted NOD/SCID/IL2Rγc-/- mice led us to conclude that NMCAB can improve biodistribution and viral clearance profiles upon current CAB LAP formulations.

• Authors: Tian Zhou, Hang Su, Prasanta Dash, Zhiyi Lin, Bhagya Laxmi Dyavar Shetty, Ted Kocher, Adam Szlachetka, Benjamin Lamberty, Howard S Fox, Larisa Poluektova, Santhi Gorantla, JoEllyn McMillan, Nagsen Gautam, R Lee Mosley, Yazen Alnouti, Benson Edagwa, Howard E Gendelman
• Journal: Biomaterials (Biomaterials) Vol. 151 Pg. 53-65 (Jan 2018) ISSN: 1878-5905 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 29059541 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-HIV Agents
• Drug Carriers
• Prodrugs
• Pyridones
• cabotegravir

Topics

• Adult
• Animals
• Anti-HIV Agents (administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacology)
• Drug Carriers
• Drug Compounding
• Drug Liberation
• HIV Infections (drug therapy)
• HIV-1 (drug effects)
• Half-Life
• Humans
• Kinetics
• Macaca mulatta
• Macrophages (cytology, drug effects)
• Male
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Mice, Inbred NOD
• Mice, SCID
• Nanoparticles (chemistry)
• Particle Size
• Prodrugs (administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacology)
• Pyridones (administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacology)
• Solubility
• Surface Properties