Sustained Responses to Measles Revaccination at 24 Months in HIV-infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

There are limited data on whether HIV-infected children in resource-limited countries who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) are able to produce sustained, protective levels of measles antibody after multiple measles vaccinations.

METHODS:

We administered an additional measles vaccine to HIV-infected children 15 months to 12 years of age receiving ART in Nairobi, Kenya. Measles antibody concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at enrollment, 1 month, 12 months and 24 months post revaccination.

RESULTS:

At enrollment, 125 (54%) of 232 study participants had protective concentrations of measles antibody. Measles seropositivity increased to 98% of all children at 1 month post revaccination but decreased to 71% at 12 months and 60% at 24 months post revaccination. Measles seroconversion and sustained measles seropositivity among those who were measles seronegative at enrollment was 25% at 24 months post revaccination. In this group, 39% of children with <50 copies/mL plasma HIV RNA measles seroconverted compared to 4% of children with plasma HIV RNA ≥1000 copies/mL (P = 0.018).

CONCLUSIONS:

Measles revaccination can result in a sustained antibody response in a subset of HIV-infected children receiving ART, especially among those with HIV suppression.

• Authors: Laura P Newman, Anne Njoroge, Amalia Magaret, Bhavna H Chohan, Veronicah W Gitomea, Anna Wald, Jonathan Gorstein, Julie Overbaugh, Dalton Wamalwa, Elizabeth Maleche-Obimbo, Ruth Nduati, Carey Farquhar
• Journal: The Pediatric infectious disease journal (Pediatr Infect Dis J) Vol. 36 Issue 12 Pg. 1148-1155 (Dec 2017) ISSN: 1532-0987 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28198789 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Anti-HIV Agents
• Antibodies, Viral
• Measles Vaccine

Topics

• Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)
• Antibodies, Viral (blood)
• Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Female
• HIV Infections (drug therapy, epidemiology)
• Humans
• Immunization, Secondary (statistics & numerical data)
• Male
• Measles (prevention & control)
• Measles Vaccine (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Measles virus (immunology)
• Prospective Studies
• Vaccination (statistics & numerical data)