Induction of Adipogenesis by External Volume Expansion.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

External volume expansion by suction is used to prepare the recipient site for fat grafting by increasing its compliance and vascularity. The authors previously developed a mouse model for external volume expansion and demonstrated its pro-proliferative and angiogenic effects. Increased thickness of the subcutaneous tissue was also observed. This study was thus designed to assess the adipogenic potential of external volume expansion stimulation.

METHODS:

A miniaturized external volume expansion device consisting of a rubber dome connected to a -25 mmHg suction source was applied to the dorsum of mice for a single 2-hour stimulation or for 2 hours daily for 5 days. Tissues were harvested up to 48 hours after the last stimulation and analyzed for edema, inflammation, and adipocyte content by staining for hematoxylin and eosin, CD45, and perilipin-A. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (proadipogenic factor) and preadipocyte factor 1 (preadipocyte marker) was evaluated by Western blot analysis.

RESULTS:

Both a 2-hour stimulation and cyclical 2-hour stimulation for 5 days induced 1.5- and 1.9-fold increases in the number of adipocytes per millimeter. Edema was present in the immediate poststimulation period, and inflammation was seen 2 days later. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ was increased at the end of stimulation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Stretch is known to stimulate proliferation, whereas edema and inflammation are both emerging proadipogenic factors. Their combination in external volume expansion seems to produce proadipogenic effects, seen even after a single 2-hour stimulation.

• Authors: Jorge Lujan-Hernandez, Luca Lancerotto, Christoph Nabzdyk, Kazi Zayn Hassan, Giorgio Giatsidis, Roger K Khouri Jr, Michael S Chin, Franco Bassetto, Janice F Lalikos, Dennis P Orgill
• Journal: Plastic and reconstructive surgery (Plast Reconstr Surg) Vol. 137 Issue 1 Pg. 122-131 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1529-4242 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26710016 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adipocytes (cytology, physiology)
• Adipogenesis (physiology)
• Animals
• Blotting, Western
• Cell Proliferation (physiology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Hairless
• Models, Animal
• Random Allocation
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Subcutaneous Fat (metabolism)
• Tissue Expansion (instrumentation, methods)
• Tissue Expansion Devices