Increased and prolonged postprandial
lipemia has been identified as a risk factor of
cardiovascular disease. However, there is no consensus on how to test postprandial
lipemia, especially with respect to the composition of an experimental meal. To address this question of how
glucose, when added to a fat load, affects the selected parameters of postprandial
lipemia, we carried out a study in 30 healthy male volunteers. Men consumed an experimental meal containing either 75 g of fat + 25 g of
glucose (F+G meal) or 75 g of fat (F meal) in a control experiment. Blood was taken before the meal and at selected time points within the following 8 h.
Glucose, when added to a fat load, induced an increase of glycemia and insulinemia and, surprisingly, a 20 % reduction in the response of both total and active
glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentration. The addition of
glucose did not affect the magnitude of postprandial triglyceridemia and TRL-C and TRL-TG concentrations but stimulated a faster response of
chylomicrons to the test meal, evaluated by changes in
apolipoprotein B-48 concentrations. The addition of
glucose induced the physiological response of
insulin and the lower response of
GLP-1 to the test meal during the early postprandial phase, but had no effect on changes of TRL-
cholesterol and TRL-TG within 8 h after the meal.