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Characterization of VAMP2 in Schistosoma japonicum and the Evaluation of Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant SjVAMP2 in Mice.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
The outer-tegument membrane covering the schistosome is believed to maintain via the fusion of membranous vesicles. Fusion of biological membranes is a fundamental process in all eukaryotic cells driven by formation of trans-SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complexes through pairing of vesicle associated v-SNAREs (VAMP) with complementary t-SNAREs on target membranes. The purpose of this study was to characterize Schistosoma japonicum vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (SjVAMP2) and to investigate its potential as a candidate vaccine against schistosomiasis.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:
The sequence of SjVAMP2 was analyzed, cloned, expressed and characterized. SjVAMP2 is a member of the synaptobrevin superfamily harboring the v-SNARE coiled-coil homology domain. RT-PCR analysis revealed that significantly higher SjVAMP2 levels were observed in 14-, 28- and 42-day-old worms, and SjVAMP2 expression was much higher in 42-day-old female worms than in those male worms. Additionally, the expression of SjVAMP2 was associated with membrane recovery in PZQ-treated worms. Immunostaining assay showed that SjVAMP2 was mainly distributed in the sub-tegument of the worms. Western blotting revealed that rSjVAMP2 showed strong immunogenicity. Purified rSjVAMP2 emulsified with ISA206 adjuvant induced 41.5% and 27.3% reductions in worm burden, and 36.8% and 23.3% reductions in hepatic eggs in two independent trials. Besides, significantly higher rSjVAMP2-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a levels were detected in rSjVAMP2-vaccinated mice.
CONCLUSION:
Our study indicated that SjVAMP2 is a potential vaccine candidate against S. japonicum and provided the basis for further investigations into the biological function of SjVAMP2.
AuthorsQian Han, Yang Hong, Zhiqiang Fu, Min Zhang, Xiaodan Cao, Yantao Liu, Shuai Ma, Yuntao Guo, Ke Lu, Chuangang Zhu, Jiaojiao Lin
JournalPloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 10 Issue 12 Pg. e0144584 ( 2015) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
PMID26641090 (Publication Type: Evaluation Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Helminth
  • Helminth Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2
Topics
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Helminth (blood)
  • Blotting, Western
  • Female
  • Helminth Proteins (genetics, immunology)
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phylogeny
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Recombinant Proteins (genetics, immunology)
  • Schistosoma japonicum (genetics, immunology)
  • Schistosomiasis japonica (parasitology, prevention & control)
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Vaccination
  • Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 (genetics, immunology)

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