Plasma Mitochondrial DNA Levels as a Biomarker of Lipodystrophy Among HIV-infected Patients Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART).

Abstract

Lipodystrophy is a common complication in HIV-infected patients taking highly active antiretroviral therapy. Its early diagnosis is crucial for timely modification of antiretroviral therapy. We hypothesize that mitochondrial DNA in plasma may be a potential marker of LD in HIV-infected individuals. In this study, we compared plasma mitochondrial DNA levels in HIV-infected individuals and non-HIV-infected individuals to investigate its potential diagnostic value. Total plasma DNA was extracted from 67 HIV-infected patients at baseline and 12, 24 and 30 months after initiating antiretroviral therapy. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the mitochondrial DNA levels in plasma. Lipodystrophy was defined by the physician-assessed presence of lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy in one or more body regions. The mitochondrial DNA levels in plasma were significantly higher at baseline in HIV-infected individuals than in non-HIV-infected individuals (p<0.05). At month 30, 33 out of 67 patients (49.2%) showed at least one sign of lipodystrophy. The mean plasma mitochondrial DNA levels in lipodystrophy patients were significantly higher compared to those without lipodystrophy at month 24 (p<0.001). The receiver operating curve analysis demonstrated that using plasma mitochondrial DNA level (with cut-off value <5.09 log10 copies/ml) as a molecular marker allowed identification of patients with lipodystrophy with a sensitivity of 64.2% and a specificity of 73.0%. Our data suggest that mitochondrial DNA levels may help to guide therapy selection with regards to HIV lipodystrophy risk.

• Authors: Z Dai, W Cai, F Hu, Y Lan, L Li, C Chung, B Caughey, K Zhang, X Tang
• Journal: Current molecular medicine (Curr Mol Med) Vol. 15 Issue 10 Pg. 975-9 ( 2015) ISSN: 1875-5666 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 26592244 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Alkynes
• Benzoxazines
• Biomarkers
• Cyclopropanes
• DNA, Mitochondrial
• Drug Combinations
• lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination
• Lopinavir
• Lamivudine
• Zidovudine
• Stavudine
• Nelfinavir
• efavirenz
• Ritonavir

Topics

• Adult
• Alkynes
• Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active (adverse effects)
• Benzoxazines (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Case-Control Studies
• Cyclopropanes
• DNA, Mitochondrial (blood)
• Drug Combinations
• Female
• HIV (drug effects, physiology)
• HIV Infections (blood, drug therapy, pathology, virology)
• Humans
• Lamivudine (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Lipodystrophy (blood, chemically induced, diagnosis, pathology)
• Lopinavir (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mitochondria (metabolism, pathology)
• Nelfinavir (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Predictive Value of Tests
• ROC Curve
• Ritonavir (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Stavudine (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Zidovudine (administration & dosage, adverse effects)