Ceftobiprole medocaril in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Abstract

Ceftobiprole medocaril is a fifth-generation cephalosporin approved in Europe as single-agent therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). It is rapidly converted to the active metabolite ceftobiprole following intravenous administration. Ceftobiprole has a broad spectrum of activity, notably against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, ampicillin-susceptible enterococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci and Enterobacteriaceae not producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Ceftobiprole is primarily excreted renally by glomerular filtration, with minimal propensity for interaction with co-administered drugs. Normal dose is ceftobiprole 500 mg, administered by 2-h intravenous infusion every 8 h, with dose adjustment according to renal function. In a pivotal Phase III trial in patients with HAP, ceftobiprole monotherapy was as efficacious as ceftazidime/linezolid for clinical and microbiological cure and was noninferior to ceftazidime/linezolid in the subgroup of patients with HAP excluding VAP. Ceftobiprole and ceftazidime/linezolid were similarly well tolerated. Ceftobiprole is an efficacious and well-tolerated option for empirical treatment of patients with HAP (excluding VAP).

• Authors: Thomas W L Scheeren
• Journal: Future microbiology (Future Microbiol) Vol. 10 Issue 12 Pg. 1913-28 ( 2015) ISSN: 1746-0921 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 26573022 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Cephalosporins
• ceftobiprole medocaril

Topics

• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
• Cephalosporins (administration & dosage, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Cross Infection (drug therapy)
• Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
• Enterobacteriaceae (drug effects)
• Enterococcus (drug effects)
• Europe
• Humans
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Pneumonia, Bacterial (drug therapy)
• Staphylococcus aureus (drug effects)
• Treatment Outcome