Evaluating anti-Orthopoxvirus antibodies in individuals from Brazilian rural areas prior to the bovine vaccinia era.

Abstract

Vaccinia virus naturally circulates in Brazil and is the causative agent of a zoonotic disease known as bovine vaccinia (BV). We retrospectively evaluated two populations from the Amazon and Southeast Regions. BV outbreaks had not been reported in these regions before sample collection. Neutralising antibodies were found in 13 individuals (n = 132) with titres ranging from 100 ≥ 6,400 neutralising units/mL. Univariate analysis identified age and vaccination as statistically significant risk factors in individuals from the Southeast Region. The absence of detectable antibodies in vaccinated individuals raises questions about the protection of smallpox vaccine years after vaccination and reinforces the need for surveillance of Orthopoxvirus in Brazilian populations without evidence of previous outbreaks.

• Authors: Poliana de Oliveira Figueiredo, André Tavares da Silva-Fernandes, Bruno Eduardo Fernandes Mota, Galileu Barbosa Costa, Iara Apolinário Borges, Paulo César Peregrino Ferreira, Jônatas Santos Abrahão, Erika Martins Braga, Erna Geessien Kroon, Giliane de Souza Trindade
• Journal: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz) Vol. 110 Issue 6 Pg. 804-8 (Sep 2015) ISSN: 1678-8060 [Electronic] Brazil
• PMID: 26517662 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Age Factors
• Aged
• Animals
• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral (blood, isolation & purification)
• Brazil (epidemiology)
• Cattle
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Disease Outbreaks
• Epidemiological Monitoring
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Mass Vaccination
• Middle Aged
• Orthopoxvirus (immunology)
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Rural Population
• Vaccinia (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Vaccinia virus (immunology)
• Young Adult
• Zoonoses (epidemiology)