Insight into the Mechanism of Intramolecular Inhibition of the Catalytic Activity of Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2).

Abstract

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase that has been associated with neurodegeneration and cancer. SIRT2 is composed of a central catalytic domain, the structure of which has been solved, and N- and C-terminal extensions that are thought to control SIRT2 function. However structural information of these N- and C-terminal regions is missing. Here, we provide the first full-length molecular models of SIRT2 in the absence and presence of NAD+. We also predict the structural alterations associated with phosphorylation of SIRT2 at S331, a modification that inhibits catalytic activity. Bioinformatics tools and molecular dynamics simulations, complemented by in vitro deacetylation assays, provide a consistent picture based on which the C-terminal region of SIRT2 is suggested to function as an autoinhibitory region. This has the capacity to partially occlude the NAD+ binding pocket or stabilize the NAD+ in a non-productive state. Furthermore, our simulations suggest that the phosphorylation at S331 causes large conformational changes in the C-terminal region that enhance the autoinhibitory activity, consistent with our previous findings that phosphorylation of S331 by cyclin-dependent kinases inhibits SIRT2 catalytic activity. The molecular insight into the role of the C-terminal region in controlling SIRT2 function described in this study may be useful for future design of selective inhibitors targeting SIRT2 for therapeutic applications.

• Authors: Jinyu Li, Franziska Flick, Patricia Verheugd, Paolo Carloni, Bernhard Lüscher, Giulia Rossetti
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 10 Issue 9 Pg. e0139095 ( 2015) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26407304 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Sirt2 protein, mouse
• Sirtuin 2

Topics

• Binding Sites
• Catalysis
• Models, Molecular
• Molecular Dynamics Simulation
• Phosphorylation
• Protein Conformation
• Sirtuin 2 (metabolism, physiology, ultrastructure)
• Structure-Activity Relationship