Rapid development of cardiac dysfunction in a canine model of insulin resistance and moderate obesity.

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:

The worldwide incidence of obesity and diabetes continues to rise at an alarming rate. A major cause of the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity and diabetes is heart disease, yet the mechanisms that lead to cardiovascular complications remain unclear.

METHODS:

We performed cardiac MRI to assess left ventricular morphology and function during the development of moderate obesity and insulin resistance in a well-established canine model (n = 26). To assess the influence of dietary fat composition, we randomised animals to a traditional lard diet (rich in saturated and monounsaturated fat; n = 12), a salmon oil diet (rich in polyunsaturated fat; n = 8) or a control diet (n = 6).

RESULTS:

High-fat feeding with lard increased body weight and fasting insulin and markedly reduced insulin sensitivity. Lard feeding also significantly reduced left ventricular function, evidenced by a worsening of circumferential strain and impairment in left ventricular torsion. High-fat feeding with salmon oil increased body weight; however, salmon oil feeding did not impair insulin sensitivity or cardiac function.

CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:

These data emphasise the importance of dietary fat composition on both metabolic and cardiac function, and have important implications for the relationship between diet and health.

• Authors: Josiane L Broussard, Michael D Nelson, Cathryn M Kolka, Isaac Asare Bediako, Rebecca L Paszkiewicz, Laura Smith, Edward W Szczepaniak, Darko Stefanovski, Lidia S Szczepaniak, Richard N Bergman
• Journal: Diabetologia (Diabetologia) Vol. 59 Issue 1 Pg. 197-207 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1432-0428 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 26376797 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Dietary Fats
• Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
• Fish Oils
• Insulin
• salmon oil
• lard

Topics

• Abdominal Fat (physiopathology)
• Animals
• Body Weight
• Dietary Fats (administration & dosage)
• Dietary Fats, Unsaturated (administration & dosage)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dogs
• Fish Oils (administration & dosage)
• Heart Diseases (complications, physiopathology)
• Hemodynamics
• Incidence
• Insulin (analysis)
• Insulin Resistance
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Obesity (complications, physiopathology)
• Random Allocation
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left (physiopathology)