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Two Different Concentrations of Topical Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis.

AbstractPURPOSE:
To compare the efficacy of topical 1.5% and 0.5% levofloxacin (LVFX) for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP) keratitis in rabbits.
METHODS:
In a rabbit eye, we produced an MDRP keratitis model by excising a 2-mm circular disc of the cornea up to a depth of one-half of the stromal layer and inoculated an MDRP strain into the corneal concavity. Nine hours after inoculation and after confirming that MDRP keratitis had developed, we treated the eyes topically with 0.5% levofloxacin, 1.5% levofloxacin, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) every 6 h until 57 h postinfection. The infected eyes were evaluated by clinical score, histopathological examination, and viable bacterial count (colony forming units).
RESULTS:
In the MDRP keratitis model, clinical score was significantly lower in 0.5% and 1.5% levofloxacin-treated groups than in PBS-treated group and was the lowest in 1.5% levofloxacin-treated group. Histopathological examination showed maintenance of corneal translucency and little influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in 1.5% levofloxacin-treated group. Viable bacterial count in the infected cornea was significantly lower in 0.5% levofloxacin-treated group compared with PBS-treated group, while no viable bacteria were detected in 1.5% levofloxacin-treated group.
CONCLUSIONS:
Using our MDRP keratitis model, we showed that topical 0.5% levofloxacin is not adequately effective, while 1.5% levofloxacin is efficacious in controlling MDRP keratitis.
AuthorsKazuki Tajima, Taku Miyake, Naohito Koike, Takaaki Hattori, Hiroki Takahashi, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Koji Fujita, Masahiko Kuroda, Norihiko Ito, Hiroshi Goto
JournalJournal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 31 Issue 10 Pg. 636-41 (Dec 2015) ISSN: 1557-7732 [Electronic] United States
PMID26348840 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Levofloxacin
Topics
  • Administration, Ophthalmic
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Colony Count, Microbial
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • Eye Infections, Bacterial (drug therapy, microbiology)
  • Keratitis (drug therapy, microbiology)
  • Levofloxacin (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Male
  • Pseudomonas Infections (drug therapy, microbiology)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (drug effects)
  • Rabbits

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