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Effects of a quercetin-rich onion skin extract on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and endothelial function in overweight-to-obese patients with (pre-)hypertension: a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over trial.

Abstract
The polyphenol quercetin may prevent CVD due to its antihypertensive and vasorelaxant properties. We investigated the effects of quercetin after regular intake on blood pressure (BP) in overweight-to-obese patients with pre-hypertension and stage I hypertension. In addition, the potential mechanisms responsible for the hypothesised effect of quercetin on BP were explored. Subjects (n 70) were randomised to receive 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract powder or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over trial with 6-week treatment periods separated by a 6-week washout period. Before and after the intervention, ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and office BP were measured; urine and blood samples were collected; and endothelial function was measured by EndoPAT technology. In the total group, quercetin did not significantly affect 24 h ABP parameters and office BP. In the subgroup of hypertensives, quercetin decreased 24 h systolic BP by -3·6 mmHg (P=0·022) when compared with placebo (mean treatment difference, -3·9 mmHg; P=0·049). In addition, quercetin significantly decreased day-time and night-time systolic BP in hypertensives, but without a significant effect in inter-group comparison. In the total group and also in the subgroup of hypertensives, vasoactive biomarkers including endothelin-1, soluble endothelial-derived adhesion molecules, asymmetric dimethylarginine, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, endothelial function, parameters of oxidation, inflammation, lipid and glucose metabolism were not affected by quercetin. In conclusion, supplementation with 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract lowers ABP in patients with hypertension, suggesting a cardioprotective effect of quercetin. The mechanisms responsible for the BP-lowering effect remain unclear.
AuthorsVerena Brüll, Constanze Burak, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Siegfried Wolffram, Georg Nickenig, Cornelius Müller, Peter Langguth, Birgit Alteheld, Rolf Fimmers, Stefanie Naaf, Benno F Zimmermann, Peter Stehle, Sarah Egert
JournalThe British journal of nutrition (Br J Nutr) Vol. 114 Issue 8 Pg. 1263-77 (Oct 28 2015) ISSN: 1475-2662 [Electronic] England
PMID26328470 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Insulin
  • Plant Extracts
  • Triglycerides
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol
  • Quercetin
Topics
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antihypertensive Agents (administration & dosage)
  • Biomarkers (blood)
  • Blood Pressure (drug effects)
  • Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
  • Body Composition
  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Weight
  • C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
  • Cholesterol (blood)
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Endothelium, Vascular (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Energy Intake
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Insulin (blood)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity (physiopathology)
  • Onions (chemistry)
  • Overweight (physiopathology)
  • Patient Compliance
  • Plant Extracts (administration & dosage)
  • Prehypertension (drug therapy, physiopathology)
  • Quercetin (administration & dosage)
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Triglycerides (blood)
  • Waist Circumference

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