Febrile convulsion is characterised by convulsion associated with
fever in an infant or child aged between six months and six years. The febrile illness causing the convulsion should not be secondary to an intracranial
infection (
meningitis or
encephalitis) or acute
electrolyte imbalance. Most cases of
febrile convulsion are short lived and self-terminating. However, a few cases of prolonged
febrile convulsion may need
anticonvulsant medication to stop the seizure. Management is mainly symptomatic, although
anticonvulsants may have a role in a small number of children with complex or recurrent
febrile convulsion. Referral to paediatric neurologists may be necessary in cases of complex or recurrent
febrile convulsion, or in those where a pre-existing
neurological disorder exists. One third of children will develop a further
febrile convulsion during subsequent febrile illness. Nurses have a vital role in managing children with
febrile convulsion, educating parents about the condition and dispelling myths. This article outlines the presentation, management, investigations and prognosis for
febrile convulsion, indicating how nurses working in different clinical areas can help to manage this common childhood condition.