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Chlorogenic acid, a polyphenol in coffee, protects neurons against glutamate neurotoxicity.

AbstractAIMS:
The present study has been designed to explore the molecular mechanism of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the protective effect against glutamate-induced neuronal cell death.
MAIN METHODS:
Cortical neurons in primary culture were exposed to 300 μM l-glutamic acid or vehicle, with or without 10 μM CGA or 10 μM MK-801. After 16 h, primary cultures were stained with propidium iodide (PI)/Hoechst or calcein. Double-staining with PI and Hoechst was performed to confirm whether cell death induced by glutamate was apoptotic. In addition, intracellular concentrations of Ca(2+) were observed using Ca(2+) indicator fura-2.
KEY FINDINGS:
We investigated the protective effects of CGA on glutamate-induced neuronal cell death using primary cultures of mouse cerebral cortex because the release of glutamate during brain ischemia triggers death of neurons. Glutamate-induced neuronal cell death was inhibited by treatment with CGA. In addition, CGA prevented the increase in intracellular concentrations of Ca(2+) caused by the addition of glutamate to cultured neurons. On the other hand, there was little effect of CGA on cell death induced by nitric oxide, which is downstream of the ischemic neuronal cell death. Our results suggested that the polyphenol CGA in coffee protects neurons from glutamate neurotoxicity by regulating Ca(2+) entry into neurons.
SIGNIFICANCE:
CGA in coffee may have clinical benefits for neurodegenerative diseases such as ischemic stroke.
AuthorsYoshinori Mikami, Toshiko Yamazawa
JournalLife sciences (Life Sci) Vol. 139 Pg. 69-74 (Oct 15 2015) ISSN: 1879-0631 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID26285175 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Coffee
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Chlorogenic Acid
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Glutamic Acid
  • Calcium
Topics
  • Animals
  • Calcium (metabolism)
  • Cell Death (drug effects)
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chlorogenic Acid (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Coffee (chemistry)
  • Glutamic Acid (toxicity)
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Neurons (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
  • Neuroprotective Agents (pharmacology)
  • Nitric Oxide (toxicity)

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