Development of Selective Covalent Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitors.

Abstract	The Janus kinases (JAKs) and their downstream effectors, signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (STATs), form a critical immune cell signaling circuit, which is of fundamental importance in innate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis, and dysregulation is frequently observed in immune disease and cancer. The high degree of structural conservation of the JAK ATP binding pockets has posed a considerable challenge to medicinal chemists seeking to develop highly selective inhibitors as pharmacological probes and as clinical drugs. Here we report the discovery and optimization of 2,4-substituted pyrimidines as covalent JAK3 inhibitors that exploit a unique cysteine (Cys909) residue in JAK3. Investigation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) utilizing biochemical and transformed Ba/F3 cellular assays resulted in identification of potent and selective inhibitors such as compounds 9 and 45. A 2.9 Å cocrystal structure of JAK3 in complex with 9 confirms the covalent interaction. Compound 9 exhibited decent pharmacokinetic properties and is suitable for use in vivo. These inhibitors provide a set of useful tools to pharmacologically interrogate JAK3-dependent biology.
Authors	Li Tan, Koshi Akahane, Randall McNally, Kathleen M S E Reyskens, Scott B Ficarro, Suhu Liu, Grit S Herter-Sprie, Shohei Koyama, Michael J Pattison, Katherine Labella, Liv Johannessen, Esra A Akbay, Kwok-Kin Wong, David A Frank, Jarrod A Marto, Thomas A Look, J Simon C Arthur, Michael J Eck, Nathanael S Gray
Journal	Journal of medicinal chemistry (J Med Chem) Vol. 58 Issue 16 Pg. 6589-606 (Aug 27 2015) ISSN: 1520-4804 [Electronic] United States
PMID	26258521 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Antineoplastic Agents Protein Kinase Inhibitors Janus Kinase 3
Topics	Animals Antineoplastic Agents (chemical synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) Biological Availability Cell Line, Tumor Cell Survival Humans Janus Kinase 3 (antagonists & inhibitors) Male Mice Models, Molecular Protein Kinase Inhibitors (chemical synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) Structure-Activity Relationship Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

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