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Sialyltransferase inhibition and recent advances.

Abstract
Sialic acids, existing as terminal sugars of glycoconjugates, play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes, such as cell-cell adhesion, immune defense, tumor cell metastasis, and inflammation. Sialyltransferases (STs) catalyze the transfer of sialic acid residues to non-reducing oligosaccharide chains of proteins and lipids, using cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) as the donor. Elevated sialyltransferase activity leads to overexpression of cell surface sialic acids and contributes to many disease developments, such as cancer and inflammation. Therefore, sialyltransferases are considered as potential drug targets for disease treatment. Inhibitors of sialyltransferases thus are of medicinal interest, especially for the cancer therapy. In addition, sialyltransferase inhibitors are useful tool to study sialyltransferase function and related mechanisms. This review highlights recent development of inhibitors of sialyltransferases reported since 2004. The inhibitors are summarized as eight groups: 1) sialic acid analogs, 2) CMP-sialic acid analogs, 3) cytidine analogs, 4) oligosaccharide derivatives, 5) aromatic compounds, 6) flavonoids, 7) lithocholic acid analogs, and 8) others. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Physiological Enzymology and Protein Functions.
AuthorsLibo Wang, Ying Liu, Lijun Wu, Xue-Long Sun
JournalBiochimica et biophysica acta (Biochim Biophys Acta) Vol. 1864 Issue 1 Pg. 143-53 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 0006-3002 [Print] Netherlands
PMID26192491 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Sialyltransferases
  • N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
Topics
  • Biocatalysis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological
  • Models, Chemical
  • Molecular Structure
  • N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (chemistry, metabolism)
  • Neoplasms (drug therapy, enzymology, metabolism)
  • Sialyltransferases (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)

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