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Tulane virus recognizes sialic acids as cellular receptors.

Abstract
The recent discovery that human noroviruses (huNoVs) recognize sialic acids (SAs) in addition to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) pointed to a new direction in studying virus-host interactions during calicivirus infection. HuNoVs remain difficult to study due to the lack of an effective cell culture model. In this study, we demonstrated that Tulane virus (TV), a cultivable primate calicivirus, also recognizes SAs in addition to the previously known TV-HBGA interactions. Evidence supporting this discovery includes that TV virions bound synthetic sialoglycoconjugates (SGCs) and that treatment of TV permissive LLC-MK2 cells with either neuraminidases or SA-binding lectins inhibited TV infectivity. In addition, we found that Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL), a lectin that recognizes the α-2,3 linked SAs, bound LLC-MK2 cells, as well as TV, by which MAL promoted TV infectivity in cell culture. Our findings further highlight TV as a valuable surrogate for huNoVs, particularly in studying virus-host interactions that may involve two host carbohydrate receptors or co-receptors for infection.
AuthorsMing Tan, Chao Wei, Pengwei Huang, Qiang Fan, Christina Quigley, Ming Xia, Hao Fang, Xufu Zhang, Weiming Zhong, John S Klassen, Xi Jiang
JournalScientific reports (Sci Rep) Vol. 5 Pg. 11784 (Jul 06 2015) ISSN: 2045-2322 [Electronic] England
PMID26146020 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Blood Group Antigens
  • Phytohemagglutinins
  • RNA, Viral
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Sialic Acids
  • leukoagglutinins, plants
  • Neuraminidase
Topics
  • Animals
  • Blood Group Antigens (genetics, metabolism)
  • Caliciviridae (isolation & purification, physiology)
  • Cell Line
  • Feces (virology)
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Maackia (metabolism)
  • Macaca mulatta (virology)
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Neuraminidase (metabolism)
  • Norovirus (physiology)
  • Phytohemagglutinins (chemistry, metabolism)
  • RNA, Viral (analysis)
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Receptors, Cell Surface (chemistry, metabolism)
  • Sialic Acids (chemistry, metabolism)
  • Virus Internalization

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