We recently identified a cohort of children with recurrent episodes of acute
otitis media (AOM) who fail to generate protective antibody titres to otopathogens and several
vaccine antigens. In this study we determined the antibody levels against
DTaP vaccine antigens,
diphtheria toxoid (DT),
tetanus toxoid (TT) and acellular
pertussis toxoid (PT) in sera from 15 stringently defined
otitis-prone (sOP) children and 20 non-
otitis-prone (NOP) children. We found significantly lower concentrations of
immunoglobulin (Ig)G
antibodies against
vaccine antigens in the serum of sOP children compared to age-matched NOP children. To elucidate immunological cellular responses to the
vaccines in these children, we investigated memory B cell responses to DTaP vaccination. We used fluorescently conjugated
vaccine antigens to label
antigen receptors on the surface of memory B cells and examined the frequency of
antigen-specific CD19(+) CD27(+) memory B cells in the peripheral blood. sOP children showed a significantly lower percentage of
antigen-specific CD19(+) CD27(+) memory B cells than NOP children. We also found a linear correlation between the frequencies of memory B cells and circulating
IgG titres for DT, TT and PT
proteins. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show significant differences in memory B cell responses to
DTaP vaccine antigens and their correlation with the circulating
antibodies in young children with recurrent AOM.