Multidrug-resistant and heteroresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and associated gene mutations in Ethiopia.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) among new and retreatment cases in 2011 in Ethiopia was 2.7% and 17.9%, respectively. However, data on heteroresistance and gene mutation profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were not documented.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 TB-positive clinical specimens submitted between 2012 and 2014 to Bahir Dar Regional Laboratory Center for confirmation of multidrug resistance. Resistance determining genes were analyzed using a line probe assay.

RESULTS:

Of 413M. tuberculosis isolates, 150 (36.3%) were multidrug-resistant, 19 (4.6%) were resistant only to rifampicin, and 26 (6.3%) were resistant to isoniazid. Of 169 rifampicin-resistant and 176 isoniazid-resistant isolates, only eight (4.7%) showed rifampicin heteroresistance and only two (1.13%) showed isoniazid heteroresistance. Failing of the rpoB WT8 gene with corresponding hybridization of rpoB MUT3 (S531L substitution) accounted for 85 (50.3%) rifampicin-resistant mutations. Among 176 isoniazid-resistant isolates, 155 (88.1%) strains had the Ser315Thr1 substitution.

CONCLUSIONS:

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis was high in the study area. Ser531Leu and Ser315Thr1 substitutions were the highest gene mutations for rifampicin and isoniazid, respectively.

• Authors: Daniel Mekonnen, Aschalew Admassu, Wondemagegn Mulu, Aranzazu Amor, Agustín Benito, Woynshet Gelaye, Fantahun Biadglegne, Bayeh Abera
• Journal: International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases (Int J Infect Dis) Vol. 39 Pg. 34-8 (Oct 2015) ISSN: 1878-3511 [Electronic] Canada
• PMID: 26119857 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antitubercular Agents
• Isoniazid
• Rifampin

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Antitubercular Agents (pharmacology)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial (genetics)
• Ethiopia (epidemiology)
• Female
• Genes, Bacterial
• Humans
• Isoniazid (pharmacology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mutation
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (drug effects, genetics, isolation & purification)
• Prevalence
• Rifampin (pharmacology)
• Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant (epidemiology, microbiology)
• Young Adult