Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: Relevant studies were identified through searches of PubMed, databases of the Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO citations up to 16 May, 2015. Only double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of anti- dementia drugs in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's Disease were included. Primary outcomes were annualized percent change of total brain volume (%TBV/y), annualized percent change of hippocampal volume (%HV/y), and annualized percent change of ventricular volume (%VV/y) measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for relevant outcomes. RESULTS: Seven randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (n=1708) were found to meet the inclusion criteria, including 4 mild cognitive impairment studies (n=1327) and 3 Alzheimer's Disease studies (n=381) [3 donepezil studies (2 mild cognitive impairment studies and 1 Alzheimer's Disease study), 1 galantaime study for mild cognitive impairment, 2 mementine studies for Alzheimer's Disease, and 1 rivastigmine study for mild cognitive impairment]. Pooled anti- dementia drugs showed superior protective outcomes compared with placebo regarding %TBV/y (SMD=-0.21, 95%CI=-0.37 to -0.04, P=.01, N=4, n=624) and %VV/y (SMD=-0.79, 95%CI=-1.40 to -0.19, P=.01, N=3, n=851). However, %HV/y failed to show difference between both groups. Among anti- dementia drugs, donepezil showed significantly greater protective effects than placebo regarding %TBV/y (SMD=-0.43, 95%CI=-0.74 to -0.12, P=.007, N=1, n=164) and %VV/y (SMD=-0.51, 95%CI=-0.73 to -0.29, P<.00001, N=2, n=338). Rivastigmine was also superior to placebo regarding %VV/y (SMD=-1.33, 95%CI=-1.52 to -1.14, P<.00001). CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Taro Kishi, Shinji Matsunaga, Kazuto Oya, Toshikazu Ikuta, Nakao Iwata |
Journal | The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology
(Int J Neuropsychopharmacol)
Vol. 18
Issue 12
(Jun 19 2015)
ISSN: 1469-5111 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 26091818
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis)
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Copyright | © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP. |
Chemical References |
- Neuroprotective Agents
- Nootropic Agents
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Topics |
- Alzheimer Disease
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Atrophy
(drug therapy)
- Brain
(drug effects, pathology)
- Cognitive Dysfunction
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Humans
- Neuroprotective Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Nootropic Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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