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UV-induced retinal proteome changes in the rat model of age-related macular degeneration.

Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by irreversible damage of photoreceptors in the central posterior part of the retina, called the macula and is the most common cause of vision loss in those aged over 50. A growing body of evidence shows that cumulative long-term exposure to UV radiation may be harmful to the retina and possibly leads to AMD irrespective of age. In spite of many research efforts, cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to UV-induced retinal damage and possibly retinal diseases such as AMD are not completely understood. In the present study we explored damage mechanisms accounting for UV-induced retinal phototoxicity in the rats exposed to UVA and UVB irradiation using a proteomics approach. Our study showed that UV irradiation induces profound changes in the retinal proteomes of the rats associated with the disruption of energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, DNA damage response and structural and functional impairments of the interphotoreceptor matrix components and their cell surface receptors such as galectins. Two small leucine-rich proteoglycans, biglycan and lumican, were identified as phototoxicity biomarkers associated with UV-induced disruption of interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM). In addition, UVB induced activation of Src kinase, which could account for cytoskeletal rearrangements in the retina was observed at the proteomics level. Pharmacological intervention either to target Src kinase with the aim of preventing cytoskeletal rearrangements in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and neuronal retina or to help rebuild damaged IPM may provide fresh avenues of treatment for patients suffering from AMD.
AuthorsSandra Kraljević Pavelić, Marko Klobučar, Mirela Sedić, Vedran Micek, Peter Gehrig, Jonas Grossman, Krešimir Pavelić, Božidar Vojniković
JournalBiochimica et biophysica acta (Biochim Biophys Acta) Vol. 1852 Issue 9 Pg. 1833-45 (Sep 2015) ISSN: 0006-3002 [Print] Netherlands
PMID26071645 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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